It is estimated that more than 45% of adults in the UK are currently affected by gum disease, which has the potential to seriously impact their quality of life 

Periodontal disease, also known as gum disease, is a common condition that affects the gums and the supporting structures of the teeth. It typically begins with the accumulation of plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that forms on the teeth. If plaque is not removed through proper oral hygiene practices such as brushing and interdental cleaning it can harden to become calculus (also called tartar), which can then only be removed by a dental professional. 

Periodontal disease progresses through several stages:

1. Gingivitis: This is the early stage of gum disease and is characterised by inflammation of the gums. Symptoms may include redness, swelling, tenderness, and bleeding gums, especially during brushing or interdental cleaning. Gingivitis is reversible with good oral hygiene routines and professional dental care. 
2. Periodontitis: If gingivitis is left untreated, it can progress to periodontitis, this is where the inflammation extends below the gumline, affecting the supporting bone and fibers that hold the teeth in place. As periodontitis advances, pockets can form between the supporting bone and teeth, which may trap bacteria and debris. This can lead to further destruction of the supporting structures of the teeth, eventual tooth loss, and other complications such as infections.  

Symptoms of Periodontal disease can include: 

• Persistent bad breath 
• Red or swollen gums that maybe tender and bleed 
• Teeth can ache when chewing 
• Loose teeth 
• Receding gums 

Some of the risk factors for periodontal disease include: 

• poor oral hygiene 
• smoking 
• genetic, 
• certain medical conditions such as diabetes 
• hormonal changes such as pregnancy or the menopause 
• certain medications. 

Treatment for periodontal disease aims to control infection and halt the progression of the disease and to maintain the supportive tissues and bone.  

The type of treatment depends on the severity of the condition but may include professional dental cleanings, scaling and root planning (deep cleaning to remove plaque and calculus), after and as part of the treatment for periodisease at Kateri Clinic we use a Biolase to stimulate healing (see our page for more info on laser treatments) and in advanced cases we will refer you to see a periodontist who may carry out surgical interventions such as gum grafts or bone grafts.  

Early detection and intervention are crucial in managing periodontal disease and preventing further damage to the teeth and gums. Regular dental check-ups and good oral hygiene habits are essential for maintaining gum health and preventing periodontal disease.